+
+ ; is this a closure that captures itself?
+ ; e.g. (let ([x 3] [f (closure lambda0 (f x))]) (f))
+ (define (self-captive-closure? name expr)
+ (and (eqv? (ast-type expr) 'closure)
+ (memv name (caddr expr))))
+
+ ;; (define (emit-scc scc env)
+ ;; ; acc is a pair of the env and list of touchups
+ ;; (define (emit-binding acc binding)
+ ;; (let ([binding-name (car binding)]
+ ;; [binding-body (cadr binding)]
+
+ ;; [other-bindings (filter
+ ;; (lambda (x) (not (eqv? binding-name x)))
+ ;; scc)]
+ ;; [mutually-recursives
+ ;; (filter
+ ;; (lambda (other-binding)
+ ;; (memv other-binding (references binding-body)))
+ ;; other-bindings)]
+
+ ;; [new-touchups (append touchups (cdr acc))])
+
+ ;; ; TODO: assert that the only mutually recursives are closures
+ ;; (for-each
+ ;; (lambda (binding)
+ ;; (when (not (eqv? (ast-type (cadr binding))
+
+ ;; (emit "asdf")
+ ;; (cons new-env new-touchups)
+ ;; ))
+
+ ;; (fold-left emit-binding (cons env '()) scc))))
+ ; assoc map of binding name to size
+
+
+ (define dls (env-data-layouts env))
+
+ (define stack-sizes
+ (map (lambda (binding) (cons (car binding) (expr-size dls (cadr binding))))
+ bindings))
+
+ ; assoc map of binding name to offset
+ (define stack-offsets
+ ; 2 4 2 8 6
+ (let* ([totals ; 2 6 8 16 22
+ (reverse (fold-left (lambda (acc x)
+ (if (null? acc)
+ (list x)
+ (cons (+ x (car acc)) acc)))
+ '()
+ (map cdr stack-sizes)))]
+ ; 0 2 6 8 16
+ [relative-offsets (map - totals (map cdr stack-sizes))]
+ [absolute-offsets (map (lambda (x) (- si x)) relative-offsets)])
+ (map cons (map car stack-sizes) absolute-offsets)))
+
+ (let* (
+ ; the stack index used when codegening binding body and main body
+ ; -> stack ->
+ ; [stack-offsets | inner-si]
+ [inner-si (- si (fold-left + 0 (map cdr stack-sizes)))]
+
+ [get-offset (lambda (n) (cdr (assoc n stack-offsets)))]
+
+ [inner-env
+ (fold-left
+ (lambda (env comps)
+ (let* ([scc-binding-offsets
+ (fold-left
+ (lambda (acc name)
+ (cons (cons name (get-offset name))
+ acc))
+ (env-bindings env)
+ comps)]
+ [scc-env (make-env (env-data-layouts env) scc-binding-offsets)])
+ (for-each
+ (lambda (name)
+ (let* ([expr (cadr (assoc name bindings))]
+ [size (expr-size dls expr)])
+ (emit "## generating ~a with scc-env ~a" name scc-env)
+ (if (self-captive-closure? name expr)
+ ; if self-captive, insert a flag into the environment to let
+ ; codegen-closure realise this!
+ (codegen-expr expr
+ inner-si
+ (make-env
+ (env-data-layouts scc-env)
+ (cons (cons name 'self-captive)
+ (env-bindings scc-env))))
+ (codegen-expr expr inner-si scc-env))
+
+ (if (on-stack? expr)
+ ; copy over whatevers on the stack
+ (emit-stack-copy inner-si (get-offset name) size)
+ (emit "movq %rax, ~a(%rbp)" (get-offset name)))))
+ comps)
+ scc-env))
+ env
+ (reverse (sccs (graph bindings))))])
+
+ (for-each (lambda (form)
+ (codegen-expr form inner-si inner-env))
+ body)))
+
+(define (codegen-var e si env)
+ (let* ([stack-type (on-stack? e)]
+ [name (if stack-type (caddr e) e)]
+
+ [dls (env-data-layouts env)]
+
+ [singleton? (and stack-type
+ (assoc name
+ (cdr (assoc stack-type dls))))]
+
+ [stack-offset (assoc name (env-bindings env))])
+ (when (and (not stack-offset) (not singleton?))
+ (error #f (format "Variable ~a is not bound" name)))
+
+ (if (on-stack? e)
+ (if singleton?
+ ; singletons don't need to be in the environment
+ ; just copy over the tag
+ (emit "movq $~a, ~a(%rbp)"
+ (data-sum-tag (env-data-layouts env)
+ stack-type
+ name)
+ si)
+ (emit-stack-copy (cdr stack-offset) si (type-size dls stack-type)))
+ (emit "movq ~a(%rbp), %rax" (cdr stack-offset)))))
+
+(define cur-lambda 0)
+(define (fresh-lambda)
+ (set! cur-lambda (+ 1 cur-lambda))
+ (format "_lambda~a" (- cur-lambda 1)))
+
+ ; a closure on the heap looks like:
+ ; 0 8 16 24
+ ; addr var1.... var2.... var3....
+
+(define (codegen-closure label captured si env)
+ (let* ((heap-offsets (map (lambda (i) (+ 8 (* 8 i)))
+ (range 0 (length captured))))) ; 4, 12, 20, etc.
+
+ (emit "## creating closure")
+
+ (emit "movq heap_start@GOTPCREL(%rip), %rbx")
+
+ (emit "movq (%rbx), %rax") ; %rax = heap addr of closure
+
+
+ ; point heap_start to next space
+ (emit "addq $~a, (%rbx)" (+ 8 (* 8 (length captured))))
+
+ (emit "## storing address to lambda")
+ ; store the address to the lambda code
+ (emit "movq ~a@GOTPCREL(%rip), %rbx" label)
+ (emit "movq %rbx, 0(%rax)")
+
+ (emit "## storing captives")
+ ; store the captured vars
+ (for-each
+ (lambda (var-name heap-offset)
+ (let ([stack-offset (cdr (assoc var-name (env-bindings env)))])
+ (emit "### captive ~a" var-name)
+ (if (eqv? stack-offset 'self-captive)
+ ; captive refers to this closure:
+ ; move heap addr of this closure to stack!
+ (emit "movq %rax, ~a(%rax)" heap-offset)
+ (begin
+ (emit "movq ~a(%rbp), %rbx" stack-offset)
+ (emit "movq %rbx, ~a(%rax)" heap-offset)))))
+ captured
+ heap-offsets)))
+
+ ; for now we can only call closures
+(define (codegen-call f args si env)
+ (codegen-expr f si env)
+
+ (emit "## starting call")
+
+ (emit "movq %rax, ~a(%rbp)" si) ; store address of closure first on stack
+
+ ; codegen the arguments, store them intermediately
+ (for-each
+ (lambda (e i)
+ (begin
+ (emit "## arg no. ~a" (- i 1))
+ (codegen-expr e (- si (* wordsize i)) env)
+ ; store intermediate result on stack
+ (emit "movq %rax, ~a(%rbp)" (- si (* wordsize i)))))
+
+ args (range 1 (length args)))
+
+ ; now that we have everything we need on the stack,
+ ; move them into the param registers
+
+ (emit "## moving args into place")
+ (for-each
+ (lambda (i) (emit "movq ~a(%rbp), ~a"
+ (- si (* wordsize i))
+ (param-register i)))
+ (range 1 (length args)))
+
+ ; todo: can this be made more efficient
+ (emit "movq ~a(%rbp), %rax" si) ; load back pointer to closure
+
+ (emit "## moving captives into place")
+
+ ; move captives into first argument
+ (emit "movq %rax, %rbx")
+ (emit "addq $8, %rbx")
+ (emit "movq %rbx, ~a" (param-register 0))
+
+ (emit "## performing call")
+
+ (emit "addq $~a, %rsp" si) ; adjust the stack pointer to account all the stuff we put in the env
+ (emit "callq *(%rax)") ; call closure function
+ (emit "subq $~a, %rsp" si))
+
+ ; LAMBDAS:
+ ; 1st param: pointer to captured args
+ ; 2nd param: 1st arg
+ ; 3rd param: 2nd arg, etc.
+
+(define (codegen-lambda l)
+ (let* ((label (car l))
+ (stuff (cdr l))
+ (captives (car stuff))
+ (args (cadr stuff))
+ (body (caddr stuff))
+ ; params = what actually gets passed
+ (params (append captives args))
+
+ (stack-offsets (map (lambda (i)
+ (* (- wordsize) (+ 1 i)))
+ (range 0 (length params))))
+
+ [bindings (map cons params stack-offsets)]
+ [env (make-env '() bindings)])
+ (emit "~a:" label)
+
+ (display "## lambda captives: ")
+ (display captives)
+ (newline)
+ (display "## lambda args: ")
+ (display args)
+ (newline)
+ (display "## lambda body: ")
+ (display body)
+ (newline)
+
+ (emit "push %rbp") ; preserve caller's base pointer
+
+ (emit "movq %rsp, %rbp") ; set up our own base pointer
+
+ ; load the captured vars onto the stack
+ (for-each
+ (lambda (i)
+ (begin
+ (emit "# loading captive ~a" (list-ref captives i))
+ (emit "movq ~a(~a), %rbx" (* wordsize i) (param-register 0))
+ (emit "movq %rbx, ~a(%rbp)" (* (- wordsize) (+ 1 i)))))
+ (range 0 (length captives)))
+
+ ; load the args onto the stack
+ (for-each
+ (lambda (i)
+ (begin
+ (emit "movq ~a, %rbx" (param-register (+ 1 i)))
+ (emit "movq %rbx, ~a(%rbp)"
+ (* (- wordsize)
+ (+ 1 (length captives) i)))))
+ (range 0 (length args)))
+
+ (codegen-expr body (* (- wordsize) (+ 1 (length params))) env)
+
+ (emit "pop %rbp") ; restore caller's base pointer
+ (emit "ret")))
+
+(define cur-label 0)
+(define (fresh-label)
+ (set! cur-label (+ 1 cur-label))
+ (format "label~a" (- cur-label 1)))
+
+(define (codegen-if cond then else si env)
+ (codegen-expr cond si env)
+ (emit "cmpq $0, %rax")
+ (let ((exit-label (fresh-label))
+ (else-label (fresh-label)))
+ (emit "je ~a" else-label)
+ (codegen-expr then si env)
+ (emit "jmp ~a" exit-label)
+ (emit "~a:" else-label)
+ (codegen-expr else si env)
+ (emit "~a:" exit-label)))
+
+(define (codegen-case switch cases si env)
+ (define dls (env-data-layouts env))
+ (define exit-label (fresh-label))
+
+
+ ; checks if equal and returns assoc list of bindings
+ (define (check-equal jne-label type inner-offset x)
+
+ ; TODO: tidy this up! comparibles and binds could be merged
+ ; (foo a 2 (bar x)) -> ((2 Int 1) ((bar x) A 2))
+ ; sum: foo
+ (define (comparibles sum)
+ (let ([product-types (cdr (assoc sum (cdr (assoc type dls))))])
+ (if (null? product-types)
+ '()
+ (filter (lambda (x) (not (eqv? 'var (ast-type (car x)))))
+ (map (lambda (x t i) (list x t i))
+ (cdr x)
+ product-types
+ (range 0 (length product-types)))))))
+
+ (define (binds sum)
+ (let ([product-types (cdr (assoc sum (cdr (assoc type dls))))])
+ (if (null? product-types)
+ '()
+ (filter (lambda (x) (eqv? 'var (ast-type (car x))))
+ (map (lambda (x i)
+ (cons x
+ (- inner-offset
+ (data-product-offset dls type sum i))))
+ (cdr x)
+ (range 0 (length (cdr x))))))))
+
+
+ (let ([sums (assoc type dls)])
+ (if sums
+ (let* ([sum (if (list? x) (car x) x)] ; can sometimes be a singleton
+ [tag (data-sum-tag dls type sum)])
+ ; the tag is at the top (beginning) of the adt on the stack
+ (emit "cmpq $~a, ~a(%rbp)" tag inner-offset)
+ (emit "jne ~a" jne-label)
+
+ (append (binds sum)
+ (flat-map
+ (lambda (cmp) ; cmp = (x type index)
+ (check-equal jne-label
+ (cadr cmp)
+ (- inner-offset (data-product-offset dls type sum (caddr cmp)))
+ (car cmp)))
+ (comparibles sum))))
+ (if (eqv? 'var (ast-type x))
+ (list (cons x inner-offset))
+ (begin
+ (emit "cmpq $~a, ~a(%rbp)" x inner-offset)
+ (emit "jne ~a" jne-label)
+ '() )))))
+
+ (define (codegen-adt-match type case)
+ (let* ([match (car case)]
+ [expr (cadr case)]
+ [next-section-label (fresh-label)]
+ [inner-si (- si (type-size dls type))]
+ [new-env (env-append-bindings env
+ (check-equal next-section-label type si match))])
+
+
+ (codegen-expr expr inner-si new-env)
+ (emit "jmp ~a" exit-label)
+
+ (emit "~a:" next-section-label)))
+
+ (define (codegen-literal-match case)
+ (let ([next-section-label (fresh-label)])
+ (emit "cmpq $~a, %rax" (car case))
+ (emit "jne ~a" next-section-label)
+ (codegen-expr (cadr case) si env)
+ (emit "jmp ~a" exit-label)
+ (emit "~a:" next-section-label)))
+
+ ; generate the switch
+ ; (and store it on the stack if not a stack value)
+ (codegen-expr switch si env)
+
+ (if (eqv? 'stack (ast-type switch))
+ ; adt pattern match
+ (for-each (lambda (x) (codegen-adt-match (cadr switch) x)) cases)
+ (for-each codegen-literal-match cases))
+ (emit "~a:" exit-label))
+
+
+(define (data-tor env e)
+ (if (not (list? e)) #f
+ (assoc (car e) (flat-map data-tors (env-data-layouts env)))))
+
+ ; returns the internal offset in bytes of a product within an ADT
+ ; given the constructor layout
+ ; constructor-layout: (foo (Int Bool))
+(define (data-product-offset data-layouts type sum index)
+ (let* ([products (cdr (assoc sum (cdr (assoc type data-layouts))))]
+ [to-traverse (list-head products index)])
+ (fold-left
+ (lambda (acc t) (+ acc (type-size data-layouts t)))
+ wordsize ; skip the tag in the first word
+ to-traverse)))
+
+(define (data-sum-tag data-layouts type sum)
+
+ (define (go acc sums)
+ (when (null? sums) (error #f "data-sum-tag no sum for type" sum type))
+ (if (eqv? sum (car sums))
+ acc
+ (go (+ 1 acc) (cdr sums))))
+ (let* ([type-sums (cdr (assoc type data-layouts))])
+ (go 0 (map car type-sums))))
+
+(define (codegen-data-tor e si env)
+
+ (define dls (env-data-layouts env))
+
+ (define (codegen-destructor tor)
+ (let* ([res (codegen-expr (cadr e) si env)]
+ [info (cadr tor)]
+ [type (car info)]
+ [sum (cadr info)]
+ [index (caddr info)]
+ [product-type (cadddr info)]
+ [product-type-size (type-size dls product-type)]
+
+ [safe-space-offset (- si (type-size dls type))]
+
+ [inner-offset (- si (data-product-offset dls type sum index))])
+
+ (when (not (on-stack? (cadr e)))
+ (error #f "trying to destruct something that isn't a stack expression"))
+ (emit "# deconstructing")
+
+ (if (stack-type? (env-data-layouts env) product-type)
+ ; if copying from the stack, need to first copy
+ ; to a safe space above to avoid overwriting
+ ; the original result on the stack
+ ; this is bad. please remove this in the rewrite.
+ (begin
+ (emit-stack-copy inner-offset safe-space-offset product-type-size)
+ (emit-stack-copy safe-space-offset si product-type-size))
+ (emit "movq ~a(%rbp), %rax" inner-offset))))
+
+ (define (codegen-constructor tor)
+ (let* ([info (cadr tor)]
+ [type (car info)]
+ [sum (cadr info)]
+ [constructor (car e)]
+
+ [args (cdr e)]
+
+ [tag (data-sum-tag (env-data-layouts env)
+ type
+ sum)]
+
+ [inner-si (- si (type-size dls type))]
+
+ [product-types (cdr (assoc sum (cdr (assoc type dls))))]
+
+ [insert-product
+ (lambda (expr i product-type)
+ (let ([dest-offset
+ (- si (data-product-offset dls type sum i))]
+ [product-size (type-size dls product-type)])